The first massive African American protest in American history took place on July 28th, 1917, in New York City. It was a silent parade, in protest of the East St. Louis, Illinois, massacre that happened on July 2nd, 1917; as well as all the violent events that was happening against African Americans around the country. This parade was organized by the NAACP, churchmen and other civil leaders.
The riot in East St. Louis began when white men , angry because African Americans were employed by a factory holding government contracts, went on a rampage. Over $400,000. worth of property was destroyed. At least 40 African American were killed; and men, women and children were beaten, stabbed, hung and burned. Almost 6,000 African American were driven from their homes.
The African American communities were also upset because while black men were sent to combat in World War I, which the President Woodrow Wilson described as necessary to the survival of democracy abroad; these same men was denied their basic rights here in the United States.
Across the country, the black community was tried of the violence targeted towards them and on July 28th, 1917, 8,000 African American mostly from Harlem, marched down Fifth Avenue. They were dressed in their finest clothes and marched to the sound of muffled drums. The children, dressed in white, led the way; followed by the women who were also dressed in white, then the men, dressed in black suites.
Though they marched silently, they carried picket signs that read, "Mother, do lynchers go to heaven?", "Mr. President, why not make America safe foe democracy?", "Thou shalt not kill!", " We are maligned as lazy and murdered when we work!"; and handed out leaflets.
They marched without saying one word or making a single gesticulation and protested in respectful silence against the reign of unnecessary terror to which the black race was subjected to in the United States.
Bibliography:
Encyclopedia of The Harlem Renaissance; Cary D. Wintz, Paul Finkelman
1917 EVENTS, Silent Protest Parade in New York.
http:// www.si.umich.edu/CHICO/Harlem/timex/1917.html
The Brownies Book; published by NAACP
SAT U.S. History, World War I.
http://www.sparknotes.com/history/chapter15section4.rhtml
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27 comments:
Dear Margaret,
I liked the topic you chose, it is a very controversial one. I also mentioned on my research about Adam Clayton Powell, Sr.who took part on this protest as well. I also think that your reference, such as the encyclopedia, was really a good one. I think that you really went deep on your research and I think you did a very good job.
Margeret,
It is a very powerful picture that I get when I think of the children followed by the women and then the men with the signs that you wrote about. I would liked to have participated or seen this, it would have been quite the picture to also get the reactions of the bystanders as well...
Margaret,
I did not know a lot of things about the life of African-Americans during the slavery before I came to U.S. We do not study it in the school back in my country, only the general information. It’s terrible what was done to black people. I’m glad that there were people (and still are) who stood up, spoke up, marched, protested. We all born equally and it’s sad that some people have to fight for their rights.
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